If you’re new to VTubing, the terminology can feel overwhelming. Words like Live2D, rigging, PNGTuber, or tracking are often used without explanation. This guide breaks down the most common VTuber jargon in simple terms, so you can understand how everything fits together.

What Is a VTuber?

A VTuber (Virtual YouTuber) is a content creator who uses a digital avatar instead of showing their real face. The avatar moves and reacts in real time using webcam tracking, audio input, or simple animation logic.

VTubers stream or create content on platforms like YouTube, Twitch, or TikTok.

Core VTuber Avatar Types

PNGtuber model example

PNGTuber

A PNGTuber uses static images (PNG files) that switch between states, usually when the creator speaks.
Example: mouth open when talking, mouth closed when silent.

• Simplest setup

• No face tracking required

• Ideal for beginners

Often used with tools like PNGTuber Remix or similar apps.

vtuber model example

Live2D VTuber

A Live2D VTuber uses a layered 2D illustration that moves smoothly based on face tracking.

• Blinking, head tilt, mouth movement

• More expressive than PNGTubers

• Requires more setup and cost

Commonly used with VTube Studio.

Model & Art Terminology

Model

The model is your avatar itself. It can be a PNG image, a Live2D file, or a fully rigged character.

PSD

A PSD is a Photoshop file containing layers of your character (eyes, mouth, hair, body parts).
Live2D models usually start from a PSD.

Rigging process example

Rigging

Rigging is the process of making your character move.

• For Live2D: linking layers to movement and expressions

• For PNGTubers: defining when images switch or animate

No rigging = no movement.

Fully Rigged

A fully rigged model is ready to use immediately.
You don’t need extra setup beyond loading it into the software.

Rig-Ready

A rig-ready model has clean layers but is not animated yet.
You still need to rig it yourself or hire a rigger.

Software & Streaming Terms

Tracking

Tracking means detecting your face, head, or voice to control the avatar.

• Webcam tracking (face movement)

• Audio tracking (voice volume)

Live2D relies heavily on tracking. PNGTubers rely mostly on audio.

OBS

OBS Studio is streaming software used to broadcast your VTuber to platforms like Twitch or YouTube.

Your VTuber app runs separately and is captured inside OBS.

Scene

A scene in OBS is a layout.
Example: one scene for chatting, one for gaming, one for breaks.

Overlay

An overlay is a visual frame or design that sits on top of your stream, such as borders, chat boxes, or alerts.

VTuber Business & Usage Terms

License

A license defines how you’re allowed to use a model.

Always check if the model allows:

• Streaming

• Monetization

• Commercial use

• Editing or recoloring

Commercial Use

If you earn money from streams, ads, memberships, or donations, you need commercial rights.

Many beginners forget this step.

Pre-Made Model

A pre-made model is already designed and sold to multiple buyers.

• Cheaper

• Faster

• Less unique

Good for beginners and testing.

Custom Model

A custom model is designed only for you.

• More expensive

• Unique identity

• Better long-term branding

Common Beginner Questions (Simple Answers)

Q: Do I need Live2D to start VTubing?
A: No. PNGTubers are a valid and popular way to start.

Q: Is PNGTuber “worse” than Live2D?
A: No. Many creators intentionally use PNGTubers for style or simplicity.

Q: Can I upgrade later?
A: Yes. Many VTubers start as PNGTubers, then move to Live2D.

Beginner-Friendly Path Into VTubing

1. Start with a PNGTuber

2. Learn streaming basics (OBS, scenes, audio)

3. Grow content and consistency

4. Upgrade visuals when ready

This path reduces cost, stress, and setup complexity. Or you can also can get free asset here, we made it so easier to tried an asset before you committing to buy or created custom model.

Final Notes for New VTubers

VTubing is not about having the most advanced model. It’s about consistency, personality, and content. Tools and models are just supporting elements.

Understanding the jargon helps you make smarter decisions, avoid overspending, and communicate clearly with artists or studios.